Patch testing of 207 human volunteers with this type of material produced faint erythema (redness) in 3 subjects following initial material application; 75 subjects demonstrated a cumulative irritation response during subsequent repeated exposures in the induction phase. On challenge, one subject demonstrated a positive dermal response. This type of material is considered a cumulative irritant, and a very weak sensitizing agent.

In a 4-week aerosol inhalation study, rats were exposed to this type of material at average concentrations of 0, 15, 68, and 263 mg/m3 for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week. No adverse hematologic, biochemical, urinalysis or histopathological effects were observed. The no-effect level, as determined by this study, is 263 mg/m3.

This type of material was applied to the shaved skin of rats at dosage levels of 0, 0.03,, 0.15 and 0.75 ml/kg/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Irritation of the skin at the site of application was apparent at all dosage levels and increased in severity in a dose-dependent fashion. No adverse hematologic, opthalmic, biochemical or urinalysis effects were observed. No gross or pathologic lesions attributable to systemic toxicity were noted. The no-effect level for systemic toxicity was considered to be at least 0.75 ml/kg/day. The no-effect level for dermal irritation was considered to be below 0.03 ml/kg/day.

Rats were administered this type of material in the diet to achieve dosages of 0, 100, 600, 3,000, 10,000 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. Mortality, clinical signs of toxicity and decreases in body weight and food consumption were noted in the high-dosage group. Gross necropsy findings were reported for one high-dose male. The no-effect level was considered to be 3,000 mg/kg/day.